The great coral reef
is located near the northern state of Queensland Australia and extends
for a distance of 2300 kilometers, was discovered by James Cook in 1770.
A huge formation of coral reefs is the largest single natural on the
face of the globe, and includes more than 350 quality of coral. It is
one of the wonders of the Almighty Creator. The name comes coral reef
formations because they stand out above the surface of the sea, and
torus Arabic is what emerged from the thing. The coral reef great one
the most important sites for diving and snorkeling, it constitutes a
habitat for a large number of marine fauna and flora, and such a source
of their food, so that it is similar Dgla teeming creatures. Suffer
coral reef at the moment big problems lurking its safety and survival,
because the pollution produced in the sea water and the high percentage
of carbon dissolved in the ocean water due to global warming.
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Physical manifestations
Experts believe that parts of the Barrier Reef could date back to approximately 18 million years, but most of the formations that you see today was formed during the last two million years. The age of the upper layers of the coral near the surface of the sea or from or near its current level about 125,000 years. This allowed level composition of coral on the continental promontory of Australia.
The sea level,
down from its current level by 130 m by about 20 thousand years, when most of the Earth was transformed into ice. At that time, most of the continental extrusion of Australia exposed such as coastal plain; the current existing coral limestone hills rising from the plain. When sea level began to rise again since about 18 thousand years; flooded hills, and coral reefs to grow again in the new seas and shallow. And often provided ancient coral best foundations for this new growth. While immersion growing steadily Sea coastal plain interrupted a number of mountain ranges of Mother Earth, and turned to the continental islands, high and rocky. There are 616 continental island in the coral, and it can be said that the island magnetic and Atsanda island of months those continental islands that are found around coral. And most tourist resorts are located in the beautiful coral reefs.
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Different small islands
known as the low-lying atolls from continental islands. Few low-lying atolls rise several meters and not more than an area of several hectares, Fine hand is part of the Great Barrier Reef. The low-lying atolls consist of accumulation of sand, gravel and stones together, done by the tidal currents, waves and wind on the roofs of extensive coral reefs. This material comes mainly from components corals and shellfish, as well as from the rocks that plants called algae. With the passage of time become the remains of dead solid enough to grow vegetation. Despite the small beach plants are the first to grow, however, that over time can grow a dense forest on the islands. And Green Island near the coast when the city of Cairns, are only such coral islands. There in the Great Barrier Reef 205 low atoll free of plants and more than 65 atoll plants.
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